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Goldenseal
Goldenseal (''Hydrastis canadensis''), also called orangeroot or yellow puccoon,〔 is a perennial herb in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to southeastern Canada and the eastern United States. It may be distinguished by its thick, yellow knotted rootstock. The stem is purplish and hairy above ground and yellow below ground where it connects to the yellow rhizome. The plant bears two palmate, hairy leaves with 5–7 double-toothed lobes and single, small, inconspicuous flowers with greenish white stamens in the late spring. It bears a single berry like a large raspberry with 10–30 seeds in the summer.〔Foster S. and Duke J. (2000): ''A Field guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America''. New York, Houghton Mifflin〕
In herbal medicine, goldenseal is often used as a multi-purpose remedy, and is thought to possess many different medicinal properties. In addition to being used as a topical antimicrobial, it is also taken internally as a digestion aid.〔University of Maryland Medical Center, www.http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/goldenseal)〕 Goldenseal has been ascribed the following herbal properties (whole herb): bitter, hepatic, alterative (restorative), anticatarrhal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, laxative, emmenagogue, and oxytocic.〔Hoffman David (2003): ''Medical Herbalism.'' Rochester, Vermont, Healing Arts Press〕 Goldenseal may be purchased in salve, tablet, tincture form, or as a bulk powder. Goldenseal is often used to boost the medicinal effects of other herbs with which it is blended or formulated.
A second species from Japan, previously listed as ''Hydrastis palmatum'', is sufficiently distinct that it is now usually treated in a separate genus, as ''Glaucidium palmatum''.
==Efficacy==
There is currently insufficient evidence to determine whether goldenseal is effective for any conditions.〔(Goldenseal ), WebMD.〕〔(''Goldenseal'' ), NCCIH.〕〔(''Goldenseal'' ), NYU Langone Medical Center.〕 According to the American Cancer Society, "evidence does not support claims that goldenseal is effective in treating cancer or other diseases. Goldenseal can have toxic side effects, and high doses can cause death."〔(Goldenseal ), American Cancer Society.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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